Daniel Sunkari on Substack writes an interesting article on Dalits, the British and Hindu Nationalism.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about Waste Connections Inc (TSX-WCN, NYSE-WCN) ... learn more. Next, I will write about CI Financial Corp (TSX-CIX, NYSE-CIXX) ... learn more on Wednesday, June 25, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. I am not a licensed professional investment advisor. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
Tuesday, June 24, 2025
Sunday, June 15, 2025
Thursday, June 12, 2025
Mike Higgs
I was influence in my buying of stocks of Mike Higgs who was an early blogger talking about stocks. This was his list of stocks in the last year he blogged. Unfortunately, Mike died of cancer so his blog has disappeared. I did buy a number of the stocks he recommended.
Mike Higgs published a spreadsheet where he determined whether a stock was cheap or not based on current dividend compared to the stock’s historical high yield and historical average yield.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about Sylogist Ltd (TSX-SYZ, OTC-SYZLF) ... learn more. Next, I will write about Algonquin Power & Utilities Corp (TSX-AQN, NTSE-AQN) ... learn more on Friday, June 13, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. I am not a licensed professional investment advisor. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
| Company | Sym |
|---|---|
| AGF Management | AGF.B |
| Andrew Peller | ADW.A |
| ATCO | ACO.X |
| BCE | BCE |
| Bk of Montreal | BMO |
| Bk Of Nova Scotia | BNS |
| Brookfield | BAM.A |
| Canadian National | CNR |
| Canadian Pacific | CP |
| Canadian Utilities | CU |
| Caribbean Util US$ | CUP.U |
| Cdn Western Bk | CWB |
| CIBC | CM |
| Emera | EMA |
| Empire Company | EMP.A |
| Enbridge | ENB |
| Fortis | FTS |
| George Weston | WN |
| Great-West | GWO |
| IGM Financial | IGM |
| Imperial Oil | IMO |
| Jean Coutu | PJC.A |
| Laurentian Bk | LB |
| Leons | LNF |
| Loblaw | L |
| Manulife Financial | MFC |
| Melcor Dev | MRD |
| Metro Inc | MRU.A |
| Molson Coors | TPX.B |
| National Bk | NA |
| Petro-Canada | PCA |
| Power Corp | POW |
| Power Financial | PWF |
| Reitmans | RET.A |
| Royal Bk | RY |
| Russel Metals | RUS |
| Saputo | SAP |
| SNC-Lavalin | SNC |
| Sun Life | SLF |
| TD Bank | TD |
| Thomson Reuters | TRI |
| Toromont Ind | TIH |
| TransAlta | TA |
| TransCanada | TRP |
| Transcontinental | TCL.A |
| TSX Group | X |
| West Fraser Timber | WFT |
Mike Higgs published a spreadsheet where he determined whether a stock was cheap or not based on current dividend compared to the stock’s historical high yield and historical average yield.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about Sylogist Ltd (TSX-SYZ, OTC-SYZLF) ... learn more. Next, I will write about Algonquin Power & Utilities Corp (TSX-AQN, NTSE-AQN) ... learn more on Friday, June 13, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. I am not a licensed professional investment advisor. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
Tuesday, June 10, 2025
Home Buying in Canada
An article on Money Sense gives the complete guide for first-time home buyers in Canada.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about Ensign Energy Services (TSX-ESI, OTC-ESVIF) ... learn more. Next, I will write about Sylogist Ltd (TSX-SYZ, OTC-SYZLF) ... learn more on Wednesday, June 11, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. I am not a licensed professional investment advisor. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about Ensign Energy Services (TSX-ESI, OTC-ESVIF) ... learn more. Next, I will write about Sylogist Ltd (TSX-SYZ, OTC-SYZLF) ... learn more on Wednesday, June 11, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. I am not a licensed professional investment advisor. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
Thursday, June 5, 2025
Something to Buy June 2025
There is always something to buy in the stock market. On Tuesday, I put out a list of the stocks that I covered and showed what stock might be a good deal based on dividend yield. Now I am trying to categorize what sorts of stocks may be a good deal based on dividend yield. The dividend yield test in this note is a quick way of finding possible stock buys. See my Spreadsheet.
The advantages to using dividend yield to judge how cheap or expensive a stock is, is that you are not using estimates or old data (like last reported quarter's data). You are using today's stock price and today's dividend yield. However, this is just a place to start. It is a good idea to check the stock price with other tests, especially the P/S Ratio test. For other testing, like P/E Ratios, P/S Ratios, P/CF Ratios, P/BV Ratios and Price/Graham Price Ratios, you use estimates or data from the last reported financial quarter.
If a stock is showing as a buy using the dividend yield test, I usually like to verify it is a buy by doing a P/S Ratio test. Here you compare the current P/S Ratio to the 10 year median P/S Ratio. If the current P/S Ratio is lower than the 10 year median, then the stock is a buy. I note that Morningstar gives a current P/S Ratio. The 10 year median ratio is shown in my review of a stock. The 10 year median ratio in a review is good for one year from the date of review.
This historical dividend yield test does not work well for old Income Trust companies. These companies had quite high Dividend Yields which will probably never be seen again. So, I started a column called VT (for Valid Test) and this applies to checking stock price using dividend yield. If it is not a valid test, I use N to show this. For these stocks, you might be better comparing the current dividend yield to the 10 year median dividend yield.
However, no system is perfect. But if you are interested in buying a stock a list of stocks cheap or reasonable using dividend yield data might be a good place to start.
Categorizing stocks is not as simple as it might seem. Every site you go to has categorized stocks a bit differently. I try to keep this as simple as possible. See Something to Buy June 2025 Spreadsheet above to see what stocks are showing whether a stock is relatively cheap based on historical high dividend yields (P/Hi), historical median dividend yields (P/Med), 10 year high dividend yields (P/10Hi), or 10 year median dividend yields (P/10Yr). As in other spreadsheets, you can highlight a line or several lines for better viewing.
In the following notes I am only going to list stocks showing as cheap using the historical high dividend yields (P/Hi) and historical median dividend yields (P/Med).
I follow 20 stocks in the Consumer Discretionary category. Three of these stocks (10%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. They are BRP Inc (TSX-DOO, NASDAQ-DOOO), Canadian Tire Corp (TSX-CTC.A, OTC-CDNAF), Magna International Inc. (TSX-MG, NYSE-MGA). There is no change from last month.
Nine (45%) of Consumer Discretionary are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are BRP Inc (TSX-DOO, NASDAQ-DOOO), Canadian Tire Corp (TSX-CTC.A, OTC-CDNAF), Goodfellow Inc (TSX-GDL, OTC-GFELF), High Liner Foods (TSX-HLF, OTC-HLNFF), Leon's Furniture (TSX-LNF, OTC-LEFUF), Linamar Corporation (TSX-LNR, OTC-LIMAF), Magna International Inc. (TSX-MG, NYSE-MGA), Molson Coors Canada (TSX-TPX.B, NYSE-TAP), and Richelieu Hardware Ltd (TSX-RCH, OTC-RHUHF). Keg Royalties Income Fund, (TSX-KEG.UN, OTC-KRIUF) has been removed from this list.
I follow 13 Consumer Staples stocks. Two stocks (15%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. They are Jamieson Wellness Inc (TSX-JWEL, OTC-JWLLF), and Saputo Inc. (TSX-SAP, OTC-SAPIF). Maple Leaf Foods Inc (TSX-MFI, OTC-MLFNF) has been removed from this list.
Eight stocks (62%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. These are Alimentation Couche-Tard (TSX-ATD.B, OTC-ANCUF), Andrew Peller Ltd (TSX-ADW.A, OTC-ADWPF), Empire Company Ltd (TSX-EMP.A, OTC-EMLAF), Jamieson Wellness Inc (TSX-JWEL, OTC-JWLLF), KP Tissue Inc (TSX-KPT, NYSE-KPTSF), Lassonde Industries (TSX (LAS.A, OTC-LSDAF), Maple Leaf Foods Inc (TSX-MFI, OTC-MLFNF), and Saputo Inc. (TSX-SAP, OTC-SAPIF). Metro Inc (TSX-MRU-OTC-MTRAF) has been removed from this list.
I follow Five Health Care stocks. One of these stocks (20%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. It is Medtronic PCL (NYSE-MDT). There is no change from last month.
Two stocks (40%) are cheap by the historical median dividend yield. The stocks are Johnson and Johnson (NYSE-JNJ), and Medtronic Inc. (NYSE-MDT). There is no change from last month.
I follow 8 Energy stocks. Veren Inc (TSX-VRN, NYSE-VRN) was acquired by Whitecap Resources Inc. (TSX-WCP, OTC-SPGYF) on March 10, 2025, so the number of energy stocks I am following has gone from 9 to 8.
Two stocks (25%) are showing as cheap by the historical high dividend yield. They are Canadian Natural Resources (TSX-CNQ, NYSE-CNQ), and Cenovus Energy Inc (TSX-CVE, NYSE-CVE). There is no change from last month.
There are Five stocks (63%) showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Canadian Natural Resources (TSX-CNQ, NYSE-CNQ), Cenovus Energy Inc (TSX-CVE, NYSE-CVE), Mullen Group (TSX-MTL, OTC-MLLGF), Ovintiv Inc (TSX-OVV, OTC-OVV), and Suncor Energy (TSX-SU, NYSE-SU). There is no change from last month.
I follow 27 Financial stocks under the categories of Banks (7), Financial Services (15), and Insurance (5).
I follow 7 Bank stocks. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Two stocks (29%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Bank of Nova Scotia (TSX-BNS, NYSE-BNS), and Toronto Dominion Bank (TSX-TD, NYSE-TD). Bank of Montreal (TSX-BMO, NYSE-BMO) has been deleted from this list.
I follow 15 Financial Service stocks. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Seven stocks (47%) are showing as cheap by the historical median dividend yield. These stocks are Alaris Equity Partners Income Trust (TSX-AD.UN, OTC-ALARF), Atrium Mortgage Investment Corp (TSX-AI, OTC-AMIVF), EQB Inc (TSX-EQB, OTC-EQGPF), Goeasy Ltd (TSX-GSY, OTC-EHMEF), Guardian Capital Group (TSX-GCG.A, OTC-GCAAF), IGM Financial (TSX-IGM, OTC-IGIFF), and Power Corp (TSX-POW, OTC-PWCDF). AGF Management Ltd (TSX-AGF.B, OTC-AGFMF) and First National Financial Corp (TSX-FN, OTC-FNLIF) have been removed from this list. Alaris Equity Partners Income Trust (TSX-AD.UN, OTC-ALARF) has been added to this list.
I follow 5 Insurance stocks. None of these stocks (0%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. Manulife Financial Corp (TSX-MFC, NYSE-MFC) has been deleted from this list.
Three stocks (60%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. These stocks are Great-West Lifeco Inc. (TSX-GWO, OTC-GWLIF), Manulife Financial Corp (TSX-MFC, NYSE-MFC), and Sun Life Financial (TSX-SLF, NYSE-SLF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 33 Industrial stocks. Because I have so many and Industrial, I have divided my Industrial stocks into 4 separate categories under Industrial. They are Construction (7), Industrial (3), Manufacturing (5) and (Business) Services (18).
I have 7 Construction stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Two stock (29%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. It is Aecon Group Inc (TSX-ARE, OTC-AEGXF), and Toromont Industries Ltd (TSX-TIH, OTC-TMTNF). There is no change from last month.
I have 3 stocks left with the sub-index of Industrial. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
One stock (33%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. It is Finning International Inc. (TSX-FTT, OTC-FINGF). There is no change from last month.
I have 5 Manufacturing stocks. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
One stock (14%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. It is Exco Technologies Ltd. (TSX-XTC, OTC-EXCOF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 18 Services stocks. One stock (6%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. It is Canadian National Railway (TSX-CNR, NYSE-CNI.). There is no change from last month.
Nine stock (50%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Algoma Central Corporation (TSX-ALC, OTC-AGMJF), Canadian National Railway (TSX-CNR, NYSE-CNI), McCoy Global Inc (TSX-MCB, OTC-MCCRF), Parkland Fuel Corp (TSX-PKI, OTC-PKIUF), Pason Systems Inc (TSX-PSI, OTC-PSYTF), Pulse Seismic Inc. (TSX-PSD, OTC-PLSDF), Transcontinental Inc (TSX-TCL.A, OTC-TCLAF), Trican Well Service Ltd (TSX-TCW, OTC-TOLWF), and Wajax Corp (TSX-WJX, OTC-WJXFF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 10 Material stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Four stock (40%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Adentra Inc (TSX-ADEN, OTC-HDIUF), Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd (TSX-AEM, NYSE-AEM), Barrick Mining Corp (TSX-ABX, NYSE-ABX), and Stella-Jones (TSX-SJ, OTC-STLJF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 10 Real Estate stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Seven stocks (70%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Allied Properties REIT (TSX-AP.UN, OTC-APYRF), Artis REIT (TSX-AX.UN, OTC-ARESF), First Capital REIT (TSX-FCR.UN, OTC-FCXXF), Granite REIT (TSX-GRT.UN, NYSE-GRP.U), Melcor Developments Inc. and (TSX-MRD, OTC-MODVF), RIOCAN REIT (TSX-REI.UN, OTC-RIOCF) and SmartCentres REIT (TSX-SRU.UN, OTC-CWYUF). Choice Properties REIT (TSX-CHP.UN, OTC-PPRQF), FirstService Corp (TSX-FSV, NASDAQ-FSV) have been removed from this list.
I follow 4 of the Telecom Service stocks. 3 of the stocks (75%) are showing as cheap by historically high dividend yield. They are Cogeco Communications Inc (TSX-CCA, OTC-CGEAF), Quebecor Inc (TSX-QBR.B, OTC-QBCRF), and Telus Corp (TSX-T, NYSE-TU). BCE (TSX-BCE, NYSE-BCE) has been removed from this list.
Four stocks (100%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. These stocks are BCE (TSX-BCE, NYSE-BCE), Cogeco Communications Inc (TSX-CCA, OTC-CGEAF), Quebecor Inc (TSX-QBR.B, OTC-QBCRF) and Telus Corp (TSX-T, NYSE-TU). There is no change from last month.
I follow 7 Tech stocks. One stock (14%) is showing as cheap by historical high dividend yield. It is Enghouse Systems Limited (TSX-ENGH, OTC-EGHSF). Evertz Technologies (TSX-ET, OTC-EVTZF) has been deleted from this list.
Three stock (43%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Enghouse Systems Limited (TSX-ENGH, OTC-EGHSF), Evertz Technologies (TSX-ET, OTC-EVTZF), and Sylogist Ltd (TSXV-SYZ, OTC-SYZLF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 8 of the Infrastructure Type stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by historical high dividend yield. There is no change from last month. South Bow Corp (TSX-SOBO, NYSE-SOBO) is showing as cheap, but I have little data on this stock. I am waiting to have more data on this stock.
Two stocks (25%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Enbridge Inc. (TSX-ENB, NYSE-ENB), and TC Energy Corp (TSX-TRP, NYSE-TRP). There is no change from last month. South Bow Corp (TSX-SOBO, NYSE-SOBO) is showing as cheap but I have little data on this stock.
I follow 9 of the Power Type utility companies. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by historical high dividend yield.
Three stocks (33%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. Those stocks are Algonquin Power & Utilities Corp (TSX-AQN, NYSE-AQN), Boralex Inc (TSX-BLX, OTC-BRLXF), and Canadian Utilities Ltd (TSX-CU, OTC-CDUAF). Fortis Inc (TSX-FTS, OTC-FRTSF), and ATCO Ltd (TSX-ACO.X, OTC-ACLLF) have been removed from this list.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about IA Financial Corp (TSX-IAG, OTC-IDLLF) ... learn more. Next, I will write about Adentra Inc (TSX-ADEN, OTC-HDIUF) ... learn more on Friday, June 6, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk . The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
The advantages to using dividend yield to judge how cheap or expensive a stock is, is that you are not using estimates or old data (like last reported quarter's data). You are using today's stock price and today's dividend yield. However, this is just a place to start. It is a good idea to check the stock price with other tests, especially the P/S Ratio test. For other testing, like P/E Ratios, P/S Ratios, P/CF Ratios, P/BV Ratios and Price/Graham Price Ratios, you use estimates or data from the last reported financial quarter.
If a stock is showing as a buy using the dividend yield test, I usually like to verify it is a buy by doing a P/S Ratio test. Here you compare the current P/S Ratio to the 10 year median P/S Ratio. If the current P/S Ratio is lower than the 10 year median, then the stock is a buy. I note that Morningstar gives a current P/S Ratio. The 10 year median ratio is shown in my review of a stock. The 10 year median ratio in a review is good for one year from the date of review.
This historical dividend yield test does not work well for old Income Trust companies. These companies had quite high Dividend Yields which will probably never be seen again. So, I started a column called VT (for Valid Test) and this applies to checking stock price using dividend yield. If it is not a valid test, I use N to show this. For these stocks, you might be better comparing the current dividend yield to the 10 year median dividend yield.
However, no system is perfect. But if you are interested in buying a stock a list of stocks cheap or reasonable using dividend yield data might be a good place to start.
Categorizing stocks is not as simple as it might seem. Every site you go to has categorized stocks a bit differently. I try to keep this as simple as possible. See Something to Buy June 2025 Spreadsheet above to see what stocks are showing whether a stock is relatively cheap based on historical high dividend yields (P/Hi), historical median dividend yields (P/Med), 10 year high dividend yields (P/10Hi), or 10 year median dividend yields (P/10Yr). As in other spreadsheets, you can highlight a line or several lines for better viewing.
In the following notes I am only going to list stocks showing as cheap using the historical high dividend yields (P/Hi) and historical median dividend yields (P/Med).
I follow 20 stocks in the Consumer Discretionary category. Three of these stocks (10%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. They are BRP Inc (TSX-DOO, NASDAQ-DOOO), Canadian Tire Corp (TSX-CTC.A, OTC-CDNAF), Magna International Inc. (TSX-MG, NYSE-MGA). There is no change from last month.
Nine (45%) of Consumer Discretionary are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are BRP Inc (TSX-DOO, NASDAQ-DOOO), Canadian Tire Corp (TSX-CTC.A, OTC-CDNAF), Goodfellow Inc (TSX-GDL, OTC-GFELF), High Liner Foods (TSX-HLF, OTC-HLNFF), Leon's Furniture (TSX-LNF, OTC-LEFUF), Linamar Corporation (TSX-LNR, OTC-LIMAF), Magna International Inc. (TSX-MG, NYSE-MGA), Molson Coors Canada (TSX-TPX.B, NYSE-TAP), and Richelieu Hardware Ltd (TSX-RCH, OTC-RHUHF). Keg Royalties Income Fund, (TSX-KEG.UN, OTC-KRIUF) has been removed from this list.
I follow 13 Consumer Staples stocks. Two stocks (15%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. They are Jamieson Wellness Inc (TSX-JWEL, OTC-JWLLF), and Saputo Inc. (TSX-SAP, OTC-SAPIF). Maple Leaf Foods Inc (TSX-MFI, OTC-MLFNF) has been removed from this list.
Eight stocks (62%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. These are Alimentation Couche-Tard (TSX-ATD.B, OTC-ANCUF), Andrew Peller Ltd (TSX-ADW.A, OTC-ADWPF), Empire Company Ltd (TSX-EMP.A, OTC-EMLAF), Jamieson Wellness Inc (TSX-JWEL, OTC-JWLLF), KP Tissue Inc (TSX-KPT, NYSE-KPTSF), Lassonde Industries (TSX (LAS.A, OTC-LSDAF), Maple Leaf Foods Inc (TSX-MFI, OTC-MLFNF), and Saputo Inc. (TSX-SAP, OTC-SAPIF). Metro Inc (TSX-MRU-OTC-MTRAF) has been removed from this list.
I follow Five Health Care stocks. One of these stocks (20%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. It is Medtronic PCL (NYSE-MDT). There is no change from last month.
Two stocks (40%) are cheap by the historical median dividend yield. The stocks are Johnson and Johnson (NYSE-JNJ), and Medtronic Inc. (NYSE-MDT). There is no change from last month.
I follow 8 Energy stocks. Veren Inc (TSX-VRN, NYSE-VRN) was acquired by Whitecap Resources Inc. (TSX-WCP, OTC-SPGYF) on March 10, 2025, so the number of energy stocks I am following has gone from 9 to 8.
Two stocks (25%) are showing as cheap by the historical high dividend yield. They are Canadian Natural Resources (TSX-CNQ, NYSE-CNQ), and Cenovus Energy Inc (TSX-CVE, NYSE-CVE). There is no change from last month.
There are Five stocks (63%) showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Canadian Natural Resources (TSX-CNQ, NYSE-CNQ), Cenovus Energy Inc (TSX-CVE, NYSE-CVE), Mullen Group (TSX-MTL, OTC-MLLGF), Ovintiv Inc (TSX-OVV, OTC-OVV), and Suncor Energy (TSX-SU, NYSE-SU). There is no change from last month.
I follow 27 Financial stocks under the categories of Banks (7), Financial Services (15), and Insurance (5).
I follow 7 Bank stocks. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Two stocks (29%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Bank of Nova Scotia (TSX-BNS, NYSE-BNS), and Toronto Dominion Bank (TSX-TD, NYSE-TD). Bank of Montreal (TSX-BMO, NYSE-BMO) has been deleted from this list.
I follow 15 Financial Service stocks. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Seven stocks (47%) are showing as cheap by the historical median dividend yield. These stocks are Alaris Equity Partners Income Trust (TSX-AD.UN, OTC-ALARF), Atrium Mortgage Investment Corp (TSX-AI, OTC-AMIVF), EQB Inc (TSX-EQB, OTC-EQGPF), Goeasy Ltd (TSX-GSY, OTC-EHMEF), Guardian Capital Group (TSX-GCG.A, OTC-GCAAF), IGM Financial (TSX-IGM, OTC-IGIFF), and Power Corp (TSX-POW, OTC-PWCDF). AGF Management Ltd (TSX-AGF.B, OTC-AGFMF) and First National Financial Corp (TSX-FN, OTC-FNLIF) have been removed from this list. Alaris Equity Partners Income Trust (TSX-AD.UN, OTC-ALARF) has been added to this list.
I follow 5 Insurance stocks. None of these stocks (0%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. Manulife Financial Corp (TSX-MFC, NYSE-MFC) has been deleted from this list.
Three stocks (60%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. These stocks are Great-West Lifeco Inc. (TSX-GWO, OTC-GWLIF), Manulife Financial Corp (TSX-MFC, NYSE-MFC), and Sun Life Financial (TSX-SLF, NYSE-SLF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 33 Industrial stocks. Because I have so many and Industrial, I have divided my Industrial stocks into 4 separate categories under Industrial. They are Construction (7), Industrial (3), Manufacturing (5) and (Business) Services (18).
I have 7 Construction stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Two stock (29%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. It is Aecon Group Inc (TSX-ARE, OTC-AEGXF), and Toromont Industries Ltd (TSX-TIH, OTC-TMTNF). There is no change from last month.
I have 3 stocks left with the sub-index of Industrial. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
One stock (33%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. It is Finning International Inc. (TSX-FTT, OTC-FINGF). There is no change from last month.
I have 5 Manufacturing stocks. None of these stocks (0%) are showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
One stock (14%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. It is Exco Technologies Ltd. (TSX-XTC, OTC-EXCOF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 18 Services stocks. One stock (6%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. It is Canadian National Railway (TSX-CNR, NYSE-CNI.). There is no change from last month.
Nine stock (50%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Algoma Central Corporation (TSX-ALC, OTC-AGMJF), Canadian National Railway (TSX-CNR, NYSE-CNI), McCoy Global Inc (TSX-MCB, OTC-MCCRF), Parkland Fuel Corp (TSX-PKI, OTC-PKIUF), Pason Systems Inc (TSX-PSI, OTC-PSYTF), Pulse Seismic Inc. (TSX-PSD, OTC-PLSDF), Transcontinental Inc (TSX-TCL.A, OTC-TCLAF), Trican Well Service Ltd (TSX-TCW, OTC-TOLWF), and Wajax Corp (TSX-WJX, OTC-WJXFF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 10 Material stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by the historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Four stock (40%) is showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Adentra Inc (TSX-ADEN, OTC-HDIUF), Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd (TSX-AEM, NYSE-AEM), Barrick Mining Corp (TSX-ABX, NYSE-ABX), and Stella-Jones (TSX-SJ, OTC-STLJF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 10 Real Estate stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by historically high dividend yield. There is no change from last month.
Seven stocks (70%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Allied Properties REIT (TSX-AP.UN, OTC-APYRF), Artis REIT (TSX-AX.UN, OTC-ARESF), First Capital REIT (TSX-FCR.UN, OTC-FCXXF), Granite REIT (TSX-GRT.UN, NYSE-GRP.U), Melcor Developments Inc. and (TSX-MRD, OTC-MODVF), RIOCAN REIT (TSX-REI.UN, OTC-RIOCF) and SmartCentres REIT (TSX-SRU.UN, OTC-CWYUF). Choice Properties REIT (TSX-CHP.UN, OTC-PPRQF), FirstService Corp (TSX-FSV, NASDAQ-FSV) have been removed from this list.
I follow 4 of the Telecom Service stocks. 3 of the stocks (75%) are showing as cheap by historically high dividend yield. They are Cogeco Communications Inc (TSX-CCA, OTC-CGEAF), Quebecor Inc (TSX-QBR.B, OTC-QBCRF), and Telus Corp (TSX-T, NYSE-TU). BCE (TSX-BCE, NYSE-BCE) has been removed from this list.
Four stocks (100%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. These stocks are BCE (TSX-BCE, NYSE-BCE), Cogeco Communications Inc (TSX-CCA, OTC-CGEAF), Quebecor Inc (TSX-QBR.B, OTC-QBCRF) and Telus Corp (TSX-T, NYSE-TU). There is no change from last month.
I follow 7 Tech stocks. One stock (14%) is showing as cheap by historical high dividend yield. It is Enghouse Systems Limited (TSX-ENGH, OTC-EGHSF). Evertz Technologies (TSX-ET, OTC-EVTZF) has been deleted from this list.
Three stock (43%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Enghouse Systems Limited (TSX-ENGH, OTC-EGHSF), Evertz Technologies (TSX-ET, OTC-EVTZF), and Sylogist Ltd (TSXV-SYZ, OTC-SYZLF). There is no change from last month.
I follow 8 of the Infrastructure Type stocks. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by historical high dividend yield. There is no change from last month. South Bow Corp (TSX-SOBO, NYSE-SOBO) is showing as cheap, but I have little data on this stock. I am waiting to have more data on this stock.
Two stocks (25%) are showing cheap by historical median dividend yield. They are Enbridge Inc. (TSX-ENB, NYSE-ENB), and TC Energy Corp (TSX-TRP, NYSE-TRP). There is no change from last month. South Bow Corp (TSX-SOBO, NYSE-SOBO) is showing as cheap but I have little data on this stock.
I follow 9 of the Power Type utility companies. No stock (0%) is showing as cheap by historical high dividend yield.
Three stocks (33%) are showing as cheap by historical median dividend yield. Those stocks are Algonquin Power & Utilities Corp (TSX-AQN, NYSE-AQN), Boralex Inc (TSX-BLX, OTC-BRLXF), and Canadian Utilities Ltd (TSX-CU, OTC-CDUAF). Fortis Inc (TSX-FTS, OTC-FRTSF), and ATCO Ltd (TSX-ACO.X, OTC-ACLLF) have been removed from this list.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about IA Financial Corp (TSX-IAG, OTC-IDLLF) ... learn more. Next, I will write about Adentra Inc (TSX-ADEN, OTC-HDIUF) ... learn more on Friday, June 6, 2025 around 5 pm.
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my site for an index to these blog entries and for stocks followed. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk . The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter. I am on Instagram. Or you can just Google #walktoronto spbrunner8166 to see my pictures.
Tuesday, June 3, 2025
Dividend Stocks June 2025
First, I want to point out that not all the stocks I follow are great investments. I follow a diverse selection of stocks. There are some that I would never invest in personally.
I follow several resource stocks even though I personally have little invested in this area. I follow what I find interesting and with resource stocks, I think it is important for Canadians to know what is happening in the resource area. On the other hand, I do follow of good number of great dividend growth stocks. You might want to get the free weekly newsletter from Canadian Stock Channel which says what might be the best Canadian Dividend Stocks to buy at the present time.
The theory is that you should use the dividend yield to see if a dividend stock is selling at a stock price that is relatively cheap. A stock price is considered cheap if it is selling at a dividend yield higher than the historical high yield or higher than the historical average yield or historical median yield. Some use the 10 year average or median yield rather than the historical ones. I use median yields, always. See my spreadsheet at dividend growth stocks that I just updated for June 2025. On this list,
Bank of Montreal (TSX-BMO, NYSE-BMO)
Bank of Nova Scotia (TSX-BNS, NYSE-BNS)
Cenovus Energy Inc (TSX-CVE, NYSE-CVE)
Finning International Inc (TSX-FTT, OTC-FINGF)
Hydro One Ltd (TSX-H, OTC-HRNNF)
Linamar Corporation (TSX-LNR, OTC-LIMAF)
Medtronic PCL (NYSE-MDT)
National Bank of Canada (TSX-NA, OTC-NTIOF)
Pembina Pipeline Corp (TSX-PPL, NYSE-PBA)
Propel Holding Inc (TSX-PRL, OTC-PRLPF)
Royal Bank of Canada (TSX-RY, NYSE-RY)
Russel Metals (TSX-RUS, OTC-RUSMF)
Sun Life Financial (TSX-SLF, NYSE-SLF)
Telus Corp (TSX-T, NYSE-TU)
Of the stocks I follow, 1 stock has cut their dividends.
BCE Inc (TSX-BCE, NYSE-BCE)
Of the stocks I follow, 0 stock have suspended or terminated their dividend.
Thomson Reuters is going to the NASDAQ exchange with a symbol of TRI. See the notice on Newswire.
Veren Inc (TSX-VRN, NYSE-VRN) was acquired by Whitecap Resources Inc. (TSX-WCP, OTC-SPGYF) on March 10, 2025. I am therefore no longer following Veren Inc. See the notice on Newswire.
Of the stocks I follow, the following declined the most in their stock price. Of the stocks I follow, 20.13% had declining stock prices. Last month 41.29% of the stock had declining prices.
Of the stock that I follow, these stocks gained the most in their stock price. Of the stock I follow, 77.92% had increasing stock price. And, 1.95% or 3 stock had the same stock price as last month. Last month 58.06% of the stocks had increasing prices with 0.65% or 1 stocks of the stocks with the same price.
Most of my stocks started out as Dividend Payers. Currently 12 stocks are not paying any dividends and this would be some 7.74% of the stocks that I follow. Three of these stocks never had dividends, so 5.81% of the stocks I follow have suspended or do not pay a dividend. The three stocks that never paid dividends are Ballard Power Systems Inc. (TSX-BLD, NASDAQ-BLDP), Blackberry Ltd. (TSX-BB, NASDAQ-BBRY) and Trigon Metals Inc. (TSX-TM, OTC-PNTZF).
I am showing whether a stock is relatively cheap based on historical high dividend yields (P/Hi), historical average dividend yields (P/Ave), historical median dividend yields (P/Med) or on 10 year median dividend yields (P/10Y). See these fields on the right side of the file. You can highlight a particular stock using your cursor to highlight the appropriate line.
There are always some stocks to buy because they are priced reasonably. There are always stocks to currently avoid because they are overpriced. Looking at dividend growth stocks that are selling at stock prices that give them a dividend yield above the historical median dividend yield are probably the best bet.
The stocks that are selling at prices that give them a dividend yield above the historical high yield could be good stocks to buy. However, these stocks may be selling so cheap because of current troubles, especially financial troubles and should be treated with caution. Do not forget that I have all the stocks I follow on this spreadsheet and some are much better investments than others.
You should always investigate a stock before you buy. Sometimes different stocks in certain sectors are just out of favour or the stock market is just in one of its declines. However, a stock may be relatively cheap because it has problems. That is why you should always investigate a stock before buying.
Looking at stock this way is equivalent to a stock filter. A main problem I know of is for the old income trusts. These companies have generally lowered their dividend yields forever and they will probably never get back to the old dividend yield highs they made as an income trust company. For these stocks, you might be better comparing the current dividend yield to the 5 year median dividend yield. I also started a column called VT (for Valid Test) and this applies to checking stock price using dividend yield. If it is not a valid test, I use N to show this.
Also, on some stocks I have a lot more information years in my spreadsheets than for other stocks. So, finding a stock on the list as "cheap" is only the first step in finding a stock to buy. This is the same with any other sort of stock filters that you can use.
The last thing to remember is that I have entering figures into a spreadsheet. I could put them in incorrectly, I can transpose figures and I can misread figures. This is another great reason why you should check a stock out before investing. As this is just a filter, it works better on some stocks than on others.
See my entry on my methodology in establishing the historical dividend yield highs and lows for the stocks that I cover. I have an entry on my introduction to Dividend Growth. You might want to look at my original entry on Dividend Growth Stocks. I have also written about why I like Dividend Growth companies.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about RB Global Inc (TSX-RBA, NYSE-RBA) ... learn more. Next, I will write about IA Financial Corp (TSX-IAG, OTC-IDLLF) ... learn more on Wednesday, June 4, 2025 around 5 pm
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my website for stocks followed and investment notes. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter or StockTwits. I am on Instagram with #walktoronto.
I follow several resource stocks even though I personally have little invested in this area. I follow what I find interesting and with resource stocks, I think it is important for Canadians to know what is happening in the resource area. On the other hand, I do follow of good number of great dividend growth stocks. You might want to get the free weekly newsletter from Canadian Stock Channel which says what might be the best Canadian Dividend Stocks to buy at the present time.
The theory is that you should use the dividend yield to see if a dividend stock is selling at a stock price that is relatively cheap. A stock price is considered cheap if it is selling at a dividend yield higher than the historical high yield or higher than the historical average yield or historical median yield. Some use the 10 year average or median yield rather than the historical ones. I use median yields, always. See my spreadsheet at dividend growth stocks that I just updated for June 2025. On this list,
- I have 17 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the historical high dividend yield,
- I have 73 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the historical median dividend yield
- I have 9 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the 10 year high dividend yield and
- I have 77 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the 10 year average dividend yield.
- I have 18 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the historical high dividend yield,
- I have 78 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the historical median dividend yield
- I have 12 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the 10 year high dividend yield and
- I have 86 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the 10 year average dividend yield.
- I had 9 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the historical high dividend yield,
- I had 45 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the historical average dividend yield and
- I had 39 stocks with a dividend yield higher than the 5 year median dividend yield.
Bank of Montreal (TSX-BMO, NYSE-BMO)
Bank of Nova Scotia (TSX-BNS, NYSE-BNS)
Cenovus Energy Inc (TSX-CVE, NYSE-CVE)
Finning International Inc (TSX-FTT, OTC-FINGF)
Hydro One Ltd (TSX-H, OTC-HRNNF)
Linamar Corporation (TSX-LNR, OTC-LIMAF)
Medtronic PCL (NYSE-MDT)
National Bank of Canada (TSX-NA, OTC-NTIOF)
Pembina Pipeline Corp (TSX-PPL, NYSE-PBA)
Propel Holding Inc (TSX-PRL, OTC-PRLPF)
Royal Bank of Canada (TSX-RY, NYSE-RY)
Russel Metals (TSX-RUS, OTC-RUSMF)
Sun Life Financial (TSX-SLF, NYSE-SLF)
Telus Corp (TSX-T, NYSE-TU)
Of the stocks I follow, 1 stock has cut their dividends.
BCE Inc (TSX-BCE, NYSE-BCE)
Of the stocks I follow, 0 stock have suspended or terminated their dividend.
Thomson Reuters is going to the NASDAQ exchange with a symbol of TRI. See the notice on Newswire.
Veren Inc (TSX-VRN, NYSE-VRN) was acquired by Whitecap Resources Inc. (TSX-WCP, OTC-SPGYF) on March 10, 2025. I am therefore no longer following Veren Inc. See the notice on Newswire.
Of the stocks I follow, the following declined the most in their stock price. Of the stocks I follow, 20.13% had declining stock prices. Last month 41.29% of the stock had declining prices.
| Name | Exch | Sym | Exch | Sym | Chge SP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calian Group Ltd. | TSX | CGY | OTC | CLNFF | -18.77% |
| Computer Modelling | TSX | CMG | OTC | CMDXF | -17.14% |
| Dorel Industries | TSX | DII.B | OTC | DIIBF | -15.15% |
| Stingray Digital Group | TSX | RAY.A | OTC | STGYF | -9.07% |
| Goeasy Ltd | TSX | GSY | OTC | EHMEF | -7.20% |
| Molson Coors Canada | TSX | TPX.B | NYSE | TAP | -6.71% |
| Alaris Equity Partners | TSX | AD.UN | OTC | ALARF | -6.56% |
| Accord Financial Corp | TSX | ACD | OTC | ACCFF | -5.15% |
| Adentra Inc | TSX | ADEN | OTC | HDIUF | -5.13% |
| Pembina Pipeline Corp | TSX | PPL | NYSE | PBA | -4.72% |
Of the stock that I follow, these stocks gained the most in their stock price. Of the stock I follow, 77.92% had increasing stock price. And, 1.95% or 3 stock had the same stock price as last month. Last month 58.06% of the stocks had increasing prices with 0.65% or 1 stocks of the stocks with the same price.
| Name | Exch | Sym | Exch | Sym | Chge SP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemtrade Logistics Inc. | TSX | CHE.UN | OTC | CGIFF | 17.55% |
| Leon's Furniture | TSX | LNF | OTC | LEFUF | 18.49% |
| Linamar Corporation | TSX | LNR | OTC | LIMAF | 19.98% |
| McCoy Global Inc | TSX | MCB | OTC | MCCRF | 20.95% |
| Wajax Corp | TSX | WJX | OTC | WJXFF | 23.91% |
| BRP Inc | TSX | DOO | NASDAQ | DOOO | 26.60% |
| AtkinsRéalis Group Inc | TSX | ATRL | OTC | SNCAF | 27.55% |
| Finning International Inc | TSX | FTT | OTC | FINGF | 28.19% |
| WildBrain Ltd | TSX | WILD | OTC | WLDBF | 29.19% |
| Keg Royalties Income | TSX | KEG.UN | OTC | KRIUF | 29.68% |
Most of my stocks started out as Dividend Payers. Currently 12 stocks are not paying any dividends and this would be some 7.74% of the stocks that I follow. Three of these stocks never had dividends, so 5.81% of the stocks I follow have suspended or do not pay a dividend. The three stocks that never paid dividends are Ballard Power Systems Inc. (TSX-BLD, NASDAQ-BLDP), Blackberry Ltd. (TSX-BB, NASDAQ-BBRY) and Trigon Metals Inc. (TSX-TM, OTC-PNTZF).
I am showing whether a stock is relatively cheap based on historical high dividend yields (P/Hi), historical average dividend yields (P/Ave), historical median dividend yields (P/Med) or on 10 year median dividend yields (P/10Y). See these fields on the right side of the file. You can highlight a particular stock using your cursor to highlight the appropriate line.
There are always some stocks to buy because they are priced reasonably. There are always stocks to currently avoid because they are overpriced. Looking at dividend growth stocks that are selling at stock prices that give them a dividend yield above the historical median dividend yield are probably the best bet.
The stocks that are selling at prices that give them a dividend yield above the historical high yield could be good stocks to buy. However, these stocks may be selling so cheap because of current troubles, especially financial troubles and should be treated with caution. Do not forget that I have all the stocks I follow on this spreadsheet and some are much better investments than others.
You should always investigate a stock before you buy. Sometimes different stocks in certain sectors are just out of favour or the stock market is just in one of its declines. However, a stock may be relatively cheap because it has problems. That is why you should always investigate a stock before buying.
Looking at stock this way is equivalent to a stock filter. A main problem I know of is for the old income trusts. These companies have generally lowered their dividend yields forever and they will probably never get back to the old dividend yield highs they made as an income trust company. For these stocks, you might be better comparing the current dividend yield to the 5 year median dividend yield. I also started a column called VT (for Valid Test) and this applies to checking stock price using dividend yield. If it is not a valid test, I use N to show this.
Also, on some stocks I have a lot more information years in my spreadsheets than for other stocks. So, finding a stock on the list as "cheap" is only the first step in finding a stock to buy. This is the same with any other sort of stock filters that you can use.
The last thing to remember is that I have entering figures into a spreadsheet. I could put them in incorrectly, I can transpose figures and I can misread figures. This is another great reason why you should check a stock out before investing. As this is just a filter, it works better on some stocks than on others.
See my entry on my methodology in establishing the historical dividend yield highs and lows for the stocks that I cover. I have an entry on my introduction to Dividend Growth. You might want to look at my original entry on Dividend Growth Stocks. I have also written about why I like Dividend Growth companies.
On my other blog I wrote yesterday about RB Global Inc (TSX-RBA, NYSE-RBA) ... learn more. Next, I will write about IA Financial Corp (TSX-IAG, OTC-IDLLF) ... learn more on Wednesday, June 4, 2025 around 5 pm
This blog is meant for educational purposes only and is not to provide investment advice. Before making any investment decision, you should always do your own research or consult an investment professional. I do research for my own edification and I am willing to share. I write what I think and I may or may not be correct.
See my website for stocks followed and investment notes. I have three blogs. The first talks only about specific stocks and is called Investment Talk. The second one contains information on mostly investing and is called Investing Economics Mostly. My last blog is for my book reviews and it is called Non-Fiction Mostly. Follow me on Twitter or StockTwits. I am on Instagram with #walktoronto.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)